基于区间参数摄动法的三维弹塑性区间有限元探讨

首次探讨了弹塑性问题的区间分析,推导了三维弹塑性问题的区间参数摄动法有限元计算公式,研制了相应的弹塑性区间有限元程序,通过算例分析得到结论:(1)采用增量法对弹塑性问题进行区间分析时,增量位移离差随着增量位移均值的增大而增大.(2)单元高斯点应力没有达到屈服极限之前,高斯点的应力离差很小;当单元高斯点应力达到屈服极限之后,高斯点应力离差逐渐增大.(3)是否考虑塑性矩阵的应力分量为弹塑性参数的隐函数,对应力高差计算的影响较小.     

Spreading and generalized propagating speeds of discrete KPP models in time varying environments

The current paper deals with spatial spreading and front propagating dynamics for spatially discrete KPP (Kolmogorov, Petrovsky and Paskunov) models in time recurrent environments, which include time periodic and almost periodic environments as special cases. The notions of spreading speed interval, generalized propagating speed interval, and traveling wave solutions are first introduced, which are proper modifications of those introduced for spatially continuous KPP models in time almost periodic environments. Among others, it is then shown that the spreading speed interval in a given direction is the minimal generalized propagating speed interval in that direction. Some important upper and lower bounds for the spreading and generalized propagating speed intervals are provided. When the environment is unique ergodic and the so called linear determinacy condition is satisfied, it is shown that the spreading speed interval in any direction is a singleton (called the spreading speed), which equals the classical spreading speed if the environment is actually periodic. Moreover, in such a case, a variational principle for the spreading speed is established and it is shown that there is a front of speed c in a given direction if and only if c is greater than or equal to the spreading speed in that direction.      

一种基于光谱奇异值检测的高光谱遥感小目标探测方法

高光谱遥感技术能够借助丰富的地物图像和光谱信息,反映目标地物与背景地物间的细微差异,从而将其区分开来。目前的小目标探测算法多侧重于从图像处理方面着手,文章则从光谱维数据分析的角度出发,利用光谱分析中的奇异值检测方法探测小目标,首先对关注区域的地物像元光谱进行连续统去除和正交变换等预处理;然后将每个像元的光谱对该区域平均光谱进行光谱匹配求其相似性,并实现高光谱数据降维;而后通过光谱角匹配值的马氏距离进行奇异值检测,将马氏距离大于自适应阈值的像元判定为小目标。该方法不需要任何先验信息,实验结果表明该方法运算量较小,运算速度快,并有较好的小目标探测准确度。     

分散液膜气/液/固三相线界面区宽度在金属大气腐蚀中的作用(英文)

使用接触角测量和电化学技术研究了三相线界面区(TPB)宽度在分散液膜下金属腐蚀过程中的作用.研究发现,阴极极限电流和腐蚀电流密度随TPB宽度增加而线性增大,表明TPB宽度对气/液/固多相体系腐蚀过程具有重要影响.因此,可根据TPB宽度评价分散液膜厚度对大气腐蚀速率之影响.     

结构损伤的非概率区间识别方法

基于结构时域加速度响应,利用区间分析方法对具有外界激励和测量数据不确定性的结构系统进行损伤识别.不确定性量被处理为有界区间数,基于参考有限元模型和被测加速度响应,经过提出的两步模型参数的区间修正方法分别得到了未损伤和损伤结构区间模型,进而通过定义的PoDE(Possibility of Damage Existence)确定了结构各单元的损伤可能性.最后以十杆平面桁架系统为例,对区间方法与概率方法的损伤识别结果进行对比,讨论了损伤程度和不确定度对识别结果的影响,结果表明了本文方法的可行性与有效性.     

基于区间的不确定多目标优化方法研究

基于非线性区间优化,提出了一种不确定多目标优化方法.基于区间序关系和区间可能度,把不确定多目标的目标函数和约束转化为确定性的目标函数和确定性的约束.对于复杂的工程优化问题,为了提高效率,采用拉丁方试验设计方法,构建响应面近似模型,并基于近似模型进行不确定多目标优化,从而形成了非线性区间优化方法与近似模型相结合的高效不确定多目标优化方法.数值算例表明了该方法的有效性和工程实用性.     

流动注射-电化学-表面等离子体激元共振联用技术研究二茂铁硫醇氧化还原结构变化

采用流动注射-电化学-表面等离子体激元共振联用技术研究了11-二茂铁基十一烷基-1-硫醇自组装膜在氧化还原过程中的构型变化.结果表明,二茂铁硫醇在氧化过程中,分子发生了两种结构变化:远离电极表面,烷基链与电极表面的夹角增大;分子上两个平行的戊基环绕着二茂铁-碳轴发生旋转.     

Graded index broadband antireflection coating prepared by glancing angle deposition for a high-power laser system

This paper reports that SiO₂ is selected to fabricate broadband antireflection (AR) coatings on fused silica substrate by using glancing angle deposition and physical vapour deposition. Through accurate control of the graded index of the SiO₂ layer, transmittance of the graded broadband AR coating can achieve an average value of 98% across a spectral range of 300--1850~nm. Moreover, a laser-induced damage threshold measurement of the fabricated AR coating is performed by using a one-on-one protocol according to ISO11254-1, resulting in an average damage threshold of 17.2~J/cm$^{2}$.     

Effects of tip perturbation and wing locations on rolling oscillation induced by forebody vortices

The wing rock motion is frequently suffered by a wing-body configuration with low swept wing at high angle of attack. It is found from our experimental study that the tip perturbation and wing longitudinal locations affect significantly the wing rock motion of a wing-body. The natural tip perturbation would make the wing rock motion of a nondeterministic nature and an artificial mini-tip perturbation would make the wing rock motion deterministic. The artificial tip perturbation would, as its circumferential location is varied, generate three different types of motion patterns： （1） limit cycle oscillation, （2） irregular oscillation, （3） equilibrium state with tiny oscillation. The amplitude of rolling oscillation corresponding to the limit cycle oscillatory motion pattern is decreased with the wing location shifting downstream along the body axis.